Brittleness yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab thaum ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic, thiab nws yog qhov ua rau neeg tuag taus ntau ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic. Qhov pom pom ntawm cov khoom tawg yooj yim yog: nyob rau sab nraud, qhov tawg yog qhov tsis tau xav txog thiab tawg tawm. Qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis ncaj yog raws li hauv qab no: tsis muaj zog tiv taus cov tshuab kev nyuaj siab thiab hloov pauv kub sai.
Tej hub brittleness feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm hom tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov qauv siv lead ua. Ceramics tsis muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm qhov system. Thaum cov khoom tau raug nyuab siab, nws nyuaj rau tso tawm qhov nruj ntawm cov yas deformation uas tsim los ntawm cov ris tsho. Brittleness yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev muaj cov kab nrib pleb me me, uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kab tawg me me tau tawg thiab tawg. Cov hauv qab no yog cov yam ntxwv qhia txog kev tawg ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic.
1. Covalent Bond Yam ntxwv
Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm cov atoms uas ua rau cov tshuaj sib txuas hauv cov khoom siv cov khoom siv, ua rau nws nyuaj rau ntxias kom txav mus los. Covalent daim ntawv cog lus muaj kev coj ua, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem siv lead ua nyuaj, thiab nws muaj peev xwm ntau dua los tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv thiab cuam tshuam kev txav mus los tshwj xeeb.
2. Cov yam ntxwv Microstructure
Cov khoom siv ceramic yog polycrystalline thiab muaj cov qauv ntau theem. Nws cov ciam teb yuav tiv thaiv kev txav chaw, thiab kev sib sau ua ke yuav ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm kev tawg. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov muaj qhov taw qhia, kab, thiab qhov tsis xws hauv qhov qauv siv lead ua tiag, kuj tseem muaj cov kab mob me me thiab cov kab mob me me, thiab cov qauv tsis sib xws tsis tuaj yeem zam tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, microstructure cov yam ntxwv xws li cov ciam teb ciam teb, qhov hws, theem siv lead ua, ob theem kev suav nrog, thiab kev tawg yuav ua rau txhua qhov ua rau tawg ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic.
3. Tsis muaj yas deformationCharacteristics
Cov khoom siv ceramic feem ntau nthuav tawm me me lossis tsuas yog cov yas hloov pauv me me raws li kev siv zog sab nraud ntawm qhov kub ib txwm, ua rau cov khoom siv ceramic tawg sai sai, ua rau lawv zoo li nkig.
Kev tawg tawg yog txheej txheem kev faib tawm kev nyuab siab uas tshwm sim thaum cov khoom siv tau nyuab zog qis dua nws tus kheej kev sib zog, thiab thaum tus nqi ntawm kev siv kev ntxhov siab ntau dua li qhov kev faib tawm kev ntxhov siab, tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev nqus lub zog, thiab kev ntxhov siab tsis tuaj yeem so, yog li yuav tsum siv ntau qhov xav tau. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha tshwm sim ntawm qhov nrawm heev, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj sai. Cov pob txha tawg ua rau pom qhov xaus ntawm kev tawg.
