Aluminium nitride (AlN) yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm txhuas (Al) thiab nitrogen (N), thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua hexagonal. Cov qauv no txhawb nqa nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ntau yam kev siv thev naus laus zis.
Hexagonal Crystal Lattice
Crystal lattice ntawm txhuas nitride yog hexagonal, lub ntsiab lus hais tias chav tsev cell muaj rau rotational symmetry. Lub hexagonal siv lead ua system yog txhais los ntawm peb vectors ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov ntev, tsim cov ces kaum ntawm 60 degrees ntawm lawv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhuas nitride, cov txhuas thiab nitrogen atoms yog teem nyob rau hauv ib tug rov qab hexagonal qauv thoob plaws hauv lub siv lead ua lattice.
Txhua txhuas atom nyob rau hauv lub lattice yog bonded rau peb nitrogen atoms, thiab txhua nitrogen atom yog sib txuas rau peb txhuas atoms. Qhov kev npaj no ua rau peb-dimensional network ntawm alternating aluminium thiab nitrogen atoms, tsim kom muaj cov qauv siv lead ua muaj zog thiab ruaj khov.
Wurtzite Structure
Aluminium nitride chav tsev cell feem ntau tau piav raws li tus qauv wurtzite. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv no, cov txhuas thiab nitrogen atoms yog teem nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, nrog txhuas atoms nyob rau hauv ib txheej ncaj qha saum toj los yog hauv qab nitrogen atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug nyob ib sab txheej. Cov qauv stacking no txuas ntxiv mus thoob plaws hauv cov siv lead ua lattice, tsim kom muaj cov qauv ruaj khov thiab zoo.
Cov qauv wurtzite ntawm aluminium nitride yog qhov zoo rau ntau yam. Ua ntej, nws muab cov khoom siv nrog cov thermal conductivity zoo, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas cov cua sov ua kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb, xws li hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog. Thib ob, cov qauv hexagonal pab txhawb rau piezoelectric zog ntawm aluminium nitride, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov sensors, actuators, thiab lwm yam khoom siv uas hloov tshuab hluav taws xob rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam.
Wide Bandgap
Tsis tas li ntawd, aluminium nitride nthuav tawm qhov dav bandgap, uas yog lub zog sib txawv ntawm valence band thiab conduction band. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv tsim nyog rau kev siv hauv semiconductors thiab optoelectronic li, qhov kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Piv txwv li, aluminium nitride muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws li thermal conductivity, piezoelectricity, thiab dav bandgap. Cov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm nws cov qauv siv lead ua hexagonal thiab wurtzite kev npaj ntawm atoms. Cov khoom no ua rau txhuas nitride yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev siv thev naus laus zis, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv optoelectronic. Qhov kev npaj meej ntawm cov atoms hauv nws cov siv lead ua lattice underlies cov yam ntxwv zoo kawg li no, qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis.
